Week 12

Microbial Group

Before we enter the class, we had to do crossword puzzle about microbial group. We had to learn and read topic of microbial group before enter the class. So, the marks that I got is 80%. Haha. This is because of the spelling.

Then, 

Microbial Growth is based on size of population and not individual growth. There are 5 methods of Microbial reproduction:

1) Binary Fission

2) Budding

3) Fragmentation

4) Formation of spores

5) Sexual reproduction

Physical growth and chemical growth are required for development of Microbial Community. Light, Temperature, pH and water activity is physical growth. Water, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and sulphur, special growth factors, trace elements are chemical growth. 

In this topic also, there are two major nutritional: source of energy and carbon. It depends on the nutritional type. If the microorganisms is photoautotroph, the carbon source is carbon dioxide and energy sources is light. 

On that day, we also learned Principles of Ecology.

Ecology is the systematic study of organisms and their interactions with the environment. 

Species--> Populations ---> Communities ---> Ecosystems ---> Biosphere 

These is the hierarchy in Ecology.

Then, Homeostasis of the ecosystem is the interaction between organism and organism and the interaction between organism and habitat. Homeostasis make dynamic balance of process materials and organisms in the ecosystem and biosphere. 

In the ecosystem, it have producer--> consumer ---> Decomposer. Most of the producer is plant. Mostly animals is the consumer. Fungi, insect and bacteria as decomposers. 

TAKE NOTE!!

- Energy itself does not recycle

- Energy only recycle in the form of carbon to carbon bond

- Conversion of energy never 100% efficient

- Ultimate fate of energy is lost as heat

- Ultimate source of energy is Sun.

Microbes give important role in the ecosystems which are as oxygen producer, fix nitrogen in the atmosphere into usable form,recycles of dead materials, source of food in food chain and contribute to evolution. 

Increases in the frequency of natural or unnatural disturbance, abrupt change in species diversity and a change in the rate of nutrient and energy consumption. These are the FACTOR that may affect the stability of the ecosystems.

So, there are several ways of approaches to effective Ecosystem Management. 

- Stakeholders

- Adaptive management

- Natural resource management

- Strategic management

- Landscape level conservation

- Command and control management

Okey. Done for this week! Last lecture with Dr Wan is on first June.Wooo.

Till then,

Malyanah Zahari

Second Semester